Séminaire CIRI (26.11.2024): Pr. Himanshu KUMAR

Himanshu KUMAR, the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal,  « Host Non-Coding RNA and RNA Virus Crosstalk: Impact on Disease Outcomes »

Abstract: The successful clearance of viral infections depends on the host's coordinated innate and adaptive immune responses. Innate immunity against viruses is initiated by the recognition of viral components through pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), which activate signalling pathways leading to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I and III interferons. These cytokines play critical roles in establishing an antiviral state, and maintaining immune homeostasis. However, dysregulation of these pathways can result in either excessive or insufficient production of antiviral factors, leading to poor viral clearance or immune-mediated pathogenesis.                                 In this presentation, I will talk, how RNA viruses, specifically the influenza virus, influence the host non-coding RNAs—such as circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs)—and how it contributes to the modulation of antiviral immunity. I will discuss the dysregulation of these non-coding RNAs during viral infection and their impact on innate immune responses and disease outcomes. Understanding the role of non-coding RNAs in viral infections provides critical insights into the mechanisms that viruses exploit to evade host defences, which could offer new avenues for therapeutic intervention in controlling viral infections and minimizing immune-related complications.